Poland Boosts Domestic Defence Production as It Builds Europe’s Largest Army

Poland is increasingly turning to domestic and Central European defence companies as it builds what officials describe as Europe’s largest army. Defence procurement from Polish and regional firms has nearly quadrupled since 2022, reaching 30.4 billion zlotys ($8.15 billion) last year. The shift is aimed at reducing reliance on distant suppliers and strengthening supply-chain security.

Poland is expected to spend about €53 billion on core defence this year, equivalent to around 4.7% of GDP. While major U.S.-made systems such as Patriot missile batteries, Abrams tanks and F-35 fighter jets remain important, Warsaw is prioritising greater local production of drones, ammunition and other frequently used equipment. The strategy reflects a wider European effort to rebuild defence manufacturing capacity following the war in Ukraine.

Companies from across Central Europe are responding to the opportunity. Czech defence group CSG has agreed to expand production in Poland, including projects involving drones, missiles, ammunition and armoured vehicles, while other firms are developing ammunition and air-defence manufacturing facilities. Poland’s armed forces have surpassed 220,000 personnel, and officials say foreign companies seeking access to the Polish market will increasingly be expected to invest locally, transfer technology and participate in joint projects.

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