Saltwater Intrusion Threatens Italy’s Po River Farms Amid Severe Heatwave

Po River in northern Italy has seen a sharp drop in water flow during an intense European heatwave, allowing seawater from the Adriatic to push as far as 18 km inland. The river’s discharge has fallen dramatically from around 1,000 cubic metres per second to below 300, triggering a “salt wedge” effect in the delta region.

The intrusion is disrupting agriculture and fragile wetland ecosystems, with irrigation canals being shut to prevent saltwater from damaging crops such as maize, rice, soybeans, and sunflowers. Farmers say the situation is worsening earlier than in previous drought years, raising concerns over crop survival during a critical growing phase.

Experts and local water managers warn that climate-driven extreme heat events are increasing both in frequency and intensity, overwhelming existing barriers and water management systems. They note that river flow levels have dropped below previously assumed safe thresholds, intensifying risks for farming communities across the delta.

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