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The United States has launched a new investigation into several major trading partners, including China, European Union and India, following a court ruling that struck down part of former tariff policies introduced by Donald Trump. The probe, announced by US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer, will examine alleged unfair trade practices and could lead to new import taxes on goods from the targeted countries. Officials said the investigation could be completed by summer.

The inquiry is being carried out under Section 301 of US trade law and covers a wide range of economies including Japan, South Korea, Mexico, Vietnam and Bangladesh. The administration argues the move is necessary to protect American manufacturing from what it calls excess production and unfair competition from overseas markets. Notably, Canada, the second-largest US trading partner, was not included in the probe.

The investigation follows a ruling by the Supreme Court of the United States that found earlier global tariffs introduced in 2025 unlawful. After the decision, Trump imposed a temporary 10% tariff on imports worldwide and signalled it could rise to 15%. The probe also comes ahead of expected talks between US officials and representatives from China in Paris, which may pave the way for a meeting between Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping later this month.

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The European Union must be prepared to assert its power more strongly in a changing geopolitical landscape, Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission, said on Monday. Speaking at a conference for EU ambassadors in Brussels, she warned that the bloc can no longer rely solely on the global “rules-based” system to safeguard its interests.

Von der Leyen said the EU will continue to support the international framework it helped build with allies but must recognise that those rules alone may not protect it from emerging threats. She emphasised that Europe needs to be ready to defend its interests more proactively in an increasingly complex and uncertain global environment.

She also urged the bloc to reassess whether its institutions and decision-making structures—designed in a post-war era of stability and multilateral cooperation—remain effective today. According to von der Leyen, the EU must determine if its systems strengthen or weaken its credibility as a geopolitical actor amid rapidly evolving global challenges.

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European Union foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas said Iran’s government is undermining its own future by launching indiscriminate attacks across the region. Speaking to reporters, she accused Tehran of pursuing a strategy aimed at spreading instability and escalating conflict in the Middle East, warning that such actions could ultimately backfire on the Iranian leadership.

Tensions escalated further after Turkey reported that NATO air defence systems intercepted an Iranian ballistic missile heading toward Turkish airspace. Radosław Sikorski, Poland’s foreign minister, criticised Iran’s actions, saying the country was widening the conflict by targeting nations that were not directly involved in the war.

Kallas also warned that the growing Middle East crisis risks diverting international attention away from the war in Ukraine. While she noted that the conflict could weaken Russia by costing it a regional ally, she cautioned that Moscow might still benefit from rising global oil prices triggered by the escalating tensions.

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The European Union is preparing to introduce stricter “Made in EU” requirements for automakers as part of a proposed Industrial Accelerator Act aimed at reviving domestic manufacturing. Under draft rules, electric vehicles would need at least 70% of their parts’ value — excluding the battery — produced within the bloc to qualify for subsidies, alongside minimum EU-based battery content. The move is designed to counter mounting pressure from cheaper Chinese electric vehicle imports and prevent further industrial decline.

However, the plan has exposed divisions within the EU. France has pushed for stronger protection of local suppliers, warning of further factory closures and job losses without firm local-content mandates. Germany, whose carmakers depend heavily on exports to China, fears that stricter rules could trigger retaliatory trade measures. Industry groups caution that global auto supply chains are deeply integrated, making compliance complex and raising the risk of disrupting production networks.

Non-EU countries such as Britain and Turkey, key manufacturing hubs for European brands, are lobbying to be included in the framework. Automakers warn that excluding these partners could weaken EU production itself, while including them may create loopholes for Chinese firms to benefit indirectly. With billions of euros in subsidies and thousands of jobs at stake, policymakers are walking a tightrope between strengthening European industry and avoiding backlash from global trading partners.

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Italy’s 2025 budget deficit came in at 3.1% of GDP, slightly above the European Union’s 3% ceiling, according to ISTAT. While lower than 2024’s 3.4%, the miss casts doubt on Rome’s plan to exit the EU’s Excessive Deficit Procedure early, which could have eased spending constraints ahead of the 2027 elections.

The eurozone’s third-largest economy grew by 0.5% in 2025, matching the government’s revised forecasts, though growth remains below 1% for the fourth consecutive year despite EU recovery funds. The 2026 deficit is targeted at 2.8%, with the government hoping for modest improvement amid lingering fiscal challenges.

Italy’s public debt also exceeded expectations, rising to 137.1% of GDP from 134.7% in 2024, above the government’s 136.2% target. With debt levels remaining the second-highest in the eurozone after Greece, the Meloni administration faces mounting pressure to control spending while promoting economic growth.

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The European Union’s 27 member states have called for “maximum restraint” and full adherence to international law amid escalating hostilities involving Iran. In a statement issued after an emergency meeting of foreign ministers, EU foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas stressed the need to protect civilians and uphold the principles of the UN Charter and international humanitarian law. The appeal followed U.S. and Israeli strikes on Iran and Tehran’s retaliatory attacks on Israel, U.S. forces and Gulf countries, which the EU described as inexcusable violations of sovereignty.

The bloc also voiced concern about the broader regional and economic fallout of the conflict, warning against escalation that could destabilize the Middle East and beyond. It highlighted the importance of keeping critical waterways such as the Strait of Hormuz open, citing risks to global energy supplies and supply chains. Disruptions to oil flows could have significant economic consequences for Europe, which is already grappling with geopolitical uncertainty.

The joint statement reflected differing views within the EU over the U.S.-Israeli military action. While German Chancellor Friedrich Merz signaled caution against criticizing allies, Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez rejected the strikes as contributing to global instability. Diplomats acknowledged that Europe has limited leverage over the unfolding crisis, despite the potential for serious regional and economic repercussions.

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The European Commission has clarified that member states may use the European Social Fund to provide free abortion services to women traveling from EU countries with restrictive laws. The announcement followed the “My Voice, My Choice” citizens’ initiative, which gathered over one million signatures urging the bloc to ensure equal access to safe and legal abortion care. While the Commission stopped short of proposing a new funding tool, it confirmed that existing resources could be reallocated to support women, particularly those in vulnerable situations, seeking procedures abroad.

The move comes as countries such as Poland and Malta maintain near-total abortion bans, and access remains limited in nations including Italy and Croatia. Supporters argue that women across the 27-member bloc should have equal healthcare rights regardless of national restrictions. Campaign coordinator Nika Kovac welcomed the clarification, calling it the first clear confirmation that EU funds can be used to guarantee safe abortion access across borders.

However, critics — including conservative lawmakers and far-right groups — say the decision interferes with national sovereignty over health policy and undermines traditional values. Opponents argue that using EU social funds for abortion-related services effectively bypasses domestic laws. The clarification reflects broader tensions within Europe, where abortion access has expanded in countries such as France and the UK, even as far-right parties opposing abortion gain political ground.

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Hungary has vowed to block the European Union’s latest sanctions package against Russia and a proposed 90-billion-euro loan for Ukraine, escalating tensions ahead of the fourth anniversary of Moscow’s full-scale invasion. The dispute centres on the disruption of Russian oil supplies through the Druzhba pipeline, which Budapest and Slovakia say has undermined their energy security. Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban has indicated that Hungary will withhold support for the measures until the issue is resolved.

EU foreign ministers meeting in Brussels urged Hungary to reconsider, warning that unity is crucial as the war drags on. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy, in an interview with the BBC, said Russian leader Vladimir Putin had “already started” World War Three and called for intensified global pressure on Moscow. Meanwhile, U.S.-led diplomatic efforts to broker peace have yet to yield a breakthrough, with recent talks in Geneva failing to produce progress.

The standoff comes as Russian drone strikes killed two people in Ukraine’s southern Odesa region, according to Ukrainian officials, while Kyiv claims it has regained control over parts of the southern frontline. Hungary and Slovakia have also warned they could halt emergency electricity exports to Ukraine if oil flows via Druzhba are not restored. The clash underscores deep divisions within the EU as it seeks to maintain pressure on Russia while managing internal political and energy challenges.

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Switzerland’s leading industry body Swissmem has criticised the latest tariff move by Donald Trump, saying it adds to global uncertainty and dampens investment activity. Over the weekend, Trump raised a temporary U.S. import tariff to 15% from 10%, a decision Swissmem said is exacerbating market chaos and creating fresh challenges for exporters.

Switzerland had already faced some of the highest U.S. tariffs in Europe after Washington imposed a 39% duty on Swiss exports last August. In November, Switzerland secured a preliminary agreement reducing levies to 15%, in line with the European Union. Talks are ongoing to formalise that arrangement by the end of March, and Swissmem has urged the government to continue negotiations to ensure legal certainty for businesses.

Although the new 15% tariff may not be stacked on top of the previously agreed rate, Swissmem noted that when combined with a pre-existing 5% duty on industrial goods, Swiss exports could effectively face tariffs of around 20%. The group warned that this would significantly raise prices for American customers, though it acknowledged that similar tariffs on foreign competitors may offer limited relief. Switzerland, for its part, abolished its own industrial tariffs in 2024.

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European Union foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas said EU governments are not prepared to give Ukraine a concrete date for joining the bloc, despite Kyiv’s push for one as part of future security guarantees. Speaking at the Munich Security Conference, Kallas said member states believe significant work remains before any timeline can be set, underlining that EU accession is a merit-based and lengthy process.

Ukraine, led by President Volodymyr Zelenskiy, has been pressing for a 2027 membership target, with diplomats saying the date was floated in discussions involving the European Union, the United States, and Ukraine as part of a broader peace framework. However, many EU capitals view any fixed date as unrealistic while Ukraine is still aligning its laws and institutions with EU standards amid an ongoing war with Russia.

Latvian President Edgars Rinkevics echoed Kallas’ remarks, saying there was little appetite among EU leaders to commit to a date and expressing scepticism about the prospects of an imminent peace deal. He added that any special arrangement for Ukraine would also need to consider long-standing candidates such as Western Balkans states and Moldova, while noting that opposition from Hungary continues to slow the launch of detailed accession talks.

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