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Ukraine has praised the bravery of three European leaders who travelled by rail from Poland to Kyiv in a show of support as the city was subjected to more Russian attacks.

On Tuesday evening, the prime ministers of Poland, Slovenia, and the Czech Republic met with Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelensky as a curfew was imposed in Kyiv. Following that, the Czech president assured Ukrainians that they are “not alone.” The delegation is the first group of Western leaders to visit Ukraine since Russia invaded the country.

In a tweet, Petr Fiala said, “We admire your brave fight.” “We know you’re fighting for our lives as well. You are not alone; our countries are with you.” Mateusz Morawiecki of Poland has stated that if Ukraine is lost, Europe will never be the same. It would be a “defeated, humiliated, and pathetic version of its former self,” he wrote.

Denys Shmyhal, Ukraine’s prime minister, wrote on Twitter that “devastating” sanctions against Russia had been discussed, including “recognition of Russia as a terrorist sponsor.” During the talks, loud explosions could be heard across Kyiv from fighting on the capital’s western outskirts. The European Union stated that the politicians did not have any specific mandate, but that leaders in Brussels were aware of the trip because it was mentioned during an informal EU summit last week in Versailles, France.

Marcin Przydacz, Poland’s deputy foreign minister, admitted that the trip was risky, but that it was “worth taking for the sake of values.” He claimed that the Russians had been informed of the visit. The leaders chose to travel by train because flying by Polish military jet could have been seen as dangerously provocative by Russia. It was unclear when their train would arrive in Warsaw for the return journey.

Ukraine’s president has asked Nato to impose a no-fly zone over his country’s airspace on numerous occasions, but Nato has refused. Mr. Zelensky stated that Ukrainians now understand that they will not be able to join NATO. “We’d heard for years that the doors were open, but that we wouldn’t be able to enter. It’s a fact that must be acknowledged. I’m glad our people are starting to realise this and relying on themselves and our partners for assistance.” In recent weeks, all three leaders have been vocal supporters of Ukraine. Last week, Slovenia’s prime minister stated that the EU should send a strong message to Ukraine that it will be granted membership in the future.

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Poland is holding its breath as Russia’s war in Ukraine rages on its doorstep. It is vulnerable on two fronts: the number of refugees entering the country is increasing, and a military base near its Ukrainian border has been attacked.

According to the latest UN figures, over 1.7 million Ukrainians have chosen to flee to Poland as a first responder in one of Europe’s largest refugee crises since World War Two. Some leave, but the majority choose to remain due to cultural, linguistic, or familial ties. As a result, the population of Warsaw, Poland’s capital, has increased by 15% in the last two weeks.

Alarm bells are also ringing in terms of security. Russia bombed a Ukrainian military base in Yavoriv, just 16 kilometres (10 miles) from the Polish border, over the weekend.

For years, Poland has warned the West that Russia was planning to redress the power balance in Europe in its favour. At the time, Polish leaders were dismissed as alarmists. But that is no longer the case. Mateusz Morawiecki, the Polish Prime Minister, said on Monday that Ukrainian soldiers needed and deserved Western assistance. He insisted that they were fighting not only for their own liberties, but also for the liberties of their Eastern European neighbours. He also described Russian President Vladimir Putin’s aggression in Ukraine as part of a calculated geopolitical strategy.

The Western defence alliance’s charter says an attack against one of its nations will be viewed as an attack against all. That would mean a face-off between two global nuclear powers – Russia and the US – something the West is keen to avoid. Moscow too, it hopes.

Rafal Trzaskowski, the mayor of Warsaw and a high-profile political figure, told me that his country was not panicking, but that people were beginning to ask questions, particularly in light of Russia’s missile strike so close to the Polish border and Nato’s suggestion that Russia was planning chemical attacks. The mayor insisted that something urgent be done about the refugee crisis as well.

Mayor Trzaskowski has also urged the UK to “get rid of its red tape” and make it easier for Ukrainian refugees to enter the country.

Poland’s painful past, it could be argued, makes it fearful of the future. The arrival of Ukrainian refugees in this country has brought back memories of war and Soviet occupation. I met Kristina, a Polish pensioner, and her friends in Warsaw this week, who were busy making Ukrainian flag solidarity ribbons. “Kristina explained, “I’m too poor to give money and too old to hold a gun, so I do what I can for the refugees.” Partly because I am concerned about my own future.”

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Foreign volunteers are needed to fight Ukrainian forces, according to Russian President Vladimir Putin.

He said those who wanted to volunteer to fight alongside Russia-backed forces should be allowed to do so at a Russian security council meeting.

Sergei Shoigu, Russia’s defence minister, said 16,000 volunteers were ready to fight alongside Russia-backed forces in the Middle East.

Syrians skilled in urban combat, according to US officials, could be among them.

Syria has long been a Russian ally, and Russian President Vladimir Putin has been a vocal supporter of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad during the country’s civil war.

“If you see that there are these people who want to come to help the people in Donbas on their own volition, not for money,” Mr Putin told his defence minister, “then we need to give them what they want and help them get to the conflict zone.”

Mr. Shoigu also proposed transferring captured Western anti-tank missile systems to Russian-backed rebel fighters in the Donbas region’s breakaway Ukrainian regions of Luhansk and Donetsk.

Foreign fighters, including former and current members of the British army, have been arriving in Ukraine to fight for Kyiv’s government.

Mr Zelensky recently stated that 16,000 foreigners had volunteered for the cause, forming a “international legion,” as he put it.

Charles Lister, a Middle East Institute analyst in the United States, questioned how useful Syrian forces would be to Mr Putin.

“If [President] Assad’s regime sends troops to Ukraine, they’ll be nothing more than cannon fodder in a battle and environment they’ve never experienced,” he wrote on Twitter.

He went on to say that there was no evidence of any actual recruitment of Syrians.

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As Moscow’s all-out invasion of its neighbour enters its third week, the foreign ministers of Russia and Ukraine are meeting in Turkey.

Dmytro Kuleba, Ukraine’s foreign minister, stated ahead of his face-to-face meeting with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov that his expectations were “limited.” It comes after Ukraine accused Russia of committing a “war crime” by bombing a children’s hospital. The attack in Mariupol killed three people, including a child, according to officials.

According to the local mayor’s office, seventeen people were injured, including staff and patients. A building that once housed a maternity ward has been reduced to a shell, with a massive crater nearby. The Kremlin announced on Thursday that it would seek information from the Russian military about what had occurred.

Overnight, Russian strikes in north-eastern Ukraine claimed the lives of seven more people: four people, including two children, were killed near Kharkiv, and three people, including a 13-year-old boy, were killed on Okhtyrka in the Sumy region.

Meanwhile, Ukraine’s deputy prime minister announced that seven evacuation routes would open on Thursday, including routes out of Mariupol and Sumy.

Western officials, including the White House, have warned that Russia could use chemical or biological weapons in Ukraine or stage a “false flag” operation, in which the other side is falsely blamed and a counter-attack is staged.

Moscow previously claimed that Ukrainian forces had transported 80 tonnes of ammonia to the country’s north-east, but provided no proof.

The US House of Representatives approved nearly $14 billion (£10.6 billion) in aid for Ukraine, as well as a ban on Russian oil and other energy imports. The bills must still pass the Senate, which is expected to vote on them later this week. Meanwhile, US Vice President Kamala Harris is in Poland, a day after the US rejected Poland’s plan to transfer its jet fleet to the US rather than to Ukraine directly.

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Pasha Lee, a Ukrainian actor, was reportedly killed in a Russian airstrike on the town of Irpin, just outside of Kyiv.

According to the report, the 33-year-old Ukrainian actor and Irpin resident enlisted in Ukraine’s territorial defense force during the war’s early days. In addition, the report stated that Russian artillery bombarded Irpin for days, causing casualties.

Residents of Irpin and the north-eastern city of Sumy were able to leave on Tuesday as part of a Russian evacuation corridor en route to the central city of Poltava, according to the report. Lee has acted in a number of films, and his voice can be heard in the Ukrainian adaptations of The Lion King and The Hobbit.

Lee also appeared in a number of films and TV talent shows, including Star Factory and X-Factor. Lee posted a link to a Ukrainian refugee charity a few days before he was killed, encouraging his followers to contact them for assistance or to volunteer. His most recent Instagram post is a photo of himself and a coworker with the message “we’ll be ok and everything will be Ukraine.”

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If the West goes ahead with a ban on Russian oil, Russia has threatened to shut down its main gas pipeline to Germany.

The rejection of Russian oil, according to Deputy Prime Minister Alexander Novak, would have “catastrophic consequences for the global market,” causing prices to more than double to $300 a barrel. As a means of punishing Russia for its invasion of Ukraine, the US has been discussing a possible ban with allies. On Monday, however, Germany and the Netherlands both rejected the plan.

The EU imports roughly 40% of its gas and 30% of its oil from Russia, and there are no easy alternatives if supplies are disrupted.

While the UK would not be directly affected by a supply disruption because it imports less than 5% of its gas from Russia, it would be affected by rising global market prices as European demand grows. Russia is the world’s second-largest gas producer and third-largest oil exporter, and any sanctions against its energy sector would be disastrous for the country’s economy.

Although sanctioning Russia’s oil and gas exports is appealing, “practically it is challenging,” according to Nathan Piper, head of oil and gas research at Investec.

Ukraine has urged the West to impose an oil and gas embargo, but there are concerns that this would drive up prices. Fears of an embargo pushed Brent crude oil up to $139 (£106) a barrel on Monday, its highest level in nearly 14 years.

Brent crude prices were little changed on Tuesday, with a barrel costing $121, up 3%.

Meanwhile, wholesale gas prices increased to 565p per therm from 501p earlier in the day.

Following a volatile Monday caused by US discussions about a potential Russian oil and gas ban, UK stock markets rose slightly in early trading.

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Three civilians were killed while attempting to flee Irpin, a town just outside Kyiv.

A photographer for the New York Times captured a heartbreaking image of three members of a family of four – a mother and two children – lying dead on the pavement, while Ukrainian soldiers try to save the wounded father’s life.

Due to the graphic nature of the image, we are not publishing it here.

According to the newspaper, the children were a teenage son and an eight-year-old daughter.

The family had fled the fighting, carrying a suitcase and a few backpacks, as well as their small dog.

A mortar attack was launched at them.

Russian forces have been firing mortar shells at evacuating civilians, including children, who were using an already-collapsed bridge.

After a railway track was hit and damaged on Saturday, Ukraine accused Russian forces of deliberately targeting the evacuation routes from Irpin.

In addition to Irpin, heavy fighting has recently erupted in the small towns of Hostomel and Bucha to the northwest of Kyiv.

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After being shelled, Russia has taken control of a nuclear power plant in Ukraine.

A fire broke out at the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant, Europe’s largest, and Ukraine claimed Russian troops shelled it. The facility is now safe, according to authorities, and radiation levels are normal. World leaders have accused Russia of putting an entire continent’s safety at risk, and Ukraine’s president has accused Russia of “nuclear terror.” US Vice President Joe Biden urged Moscow to halt its military activities near the site, while Canada’s Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said Russia’s “horrific attacks” must end “immediately.”

The “reckless” attack, according to UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson, could “directly threaten the safety of all of Europe.” All three leaders spoke by phone with Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelensky. Meanwhile, Mr Zelensky stated that Russia desired a repeat of the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster. According to Ukraine’s nuclear inspectorate, buildings surrounding one of the plant’s six power units have been damaged without compromising its safety. Workers at the plant said the fire, which has since been extinguished, started outside the plant’s perimeter at a training building, and that only one of the plant’s six reactors was operational.

Despite the harsh international sanctions, Russia’s President Vladimir Putin stated that his offensive was proceeding “strictly according to schedule and plan.”

He has placed his nuclear forces on high alert in response to the West’s “aggressive statements.”

On Friday, Western ministers will meet in Brussels for crisis talks in order to demonstrate their support for Ukraine.

The UK Foreign Secretary, Liz Truss, called it “one of the most important days of diplomacy,” with allies ready to “tighten the vice around Putin’s war machine” by targeting the Russian economy with additional sanctions.

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According to the mayor, Russian forces have taken control of a key port city in southern Ukraine. Kherson is Russia’s first major city to be taken after heavy fighting since its invasion a week ago.

Igor Kolykhaev, the city’s mayor, said Russian troops had stormed the city council building and imposed a curfew on residents. Several cities have been heavily shelled, with Wednesday being one of the most destructive days of the fighting. The International Criminal Court (ICC) in The Hague has opened an investigation into possible war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in Ukraine.

According to Ukraine, over 2,000 civilians have died since the invasion began last Thursday. According to the UN, the conflict has also forced over a million people to flee Ukraine.

Mr. Kolykhaev said on Facebook that Russian forces had taken control of Kherson, a port on Ukraine’s southern Black Sea coast with a population of more than 280,000 people. He urged Russian soldiers not to shoot at civilians, claiming that no Ukrainian forces were present in the city.

Mariupol, a key Ukrainian port city, is “nearing a humanitarian catastrophe” after more than 15 hours of continuous bombardment by Russian forces, according to the city’s deputy mayor.

“The Russian army is testing all of its weapons here, including artillery, multiple rocket launch systems, aeroplanes, and tactical rockets. They are attempting to demolish the city “Serhiy Orlov stated

According to Mr. Orlov, Russian forces were several kilometres away from the city on all sides and had launched strikes on key infrastructure, cutting water and power supplies to parts of the city. He claimed that one densely populated residential district on the city’s left bank had been “nearly completely destroyed.”

Ukraine’s army has so far held off Russian forces in key areas of the country, but increased aerial bombardment of cities has raised fears that Russia is changing tactics.

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