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UK and European Allies Blame Russia for Navalny’s Death, Cite Rare Dart Frog Toxin

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The UK and several European allies have accused Russia of killing opposition leader Alexei Navalny using epibatidine, a rare toxin derived from South American dart frogs. Speaking at the Munich Security Conference, UK Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper said analysis of material samples found on Navalny’s body showed the presence of the toxin, arguing that only the Russian state had the means, motive and opportunity to deploy it during his imprisonment in a Siberian penal colony. A joint statement by the UK, France, Germany, Sweden and the Netherlands held Moscow responsible.

Epibatidine is an extremely potent neurotoxin, estimated to be far stronger than morphine, and can cause paralysis, seizures, respiratory failure and death. It is naturally found in certain wild dart frogs in South America and is not known to occur in Russia. The UK has informed the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons of what it describes as a breach of the Chemical Weapons Convention. Russia, through state media and officials, has dismissed the claims as part of an “information campaign”.

Navalny, a prominent anti-corruption campaigner and critic of President Vladimir Putin, died on 16 February 2024 at the age of 47 while serving a prison sentence. He had previously survived a Novichok poisoning in 2020 before returning to Russia, where he was arrested. His widow, Yulia Navalnaya, welcomed the latest findings, saying they confirmed her long-held belief that her husband had been poisoned and murdered.

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UK Proposes Major Expansion of Bottom Trawling Ban to Protect Marine Life

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The UK government has proposed a significant expansion of its ban on bottom trawling, a destructive fishing method that drags heavy nets across the seafloor, threatening marine habitats. The plan would extend protection from 18,000km² to 48,000km² in English offshore waters, covering 41 out of 181 designated Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). Environment Secretary Steve Reed warned that without urgent action, marine ecosystems could face irreversible damage. A 12-week public consultation is open until September 1, targeting feedback from the marine and fishing industries.

The move comes as global attention focuses on ocean protection at the UN Ocean Conference in Nice, France. Sir David Attenborough voiced strong opposition to bottom trawling, calling it destructive and indiscriminate, with his latest documentary showcasing the damage it causes to seabeds and marine life. Environmental groups including Greenpeace UK and The Wildlife Trust welcomed the UK’s proposed ban as a long-overdue and vital step toward marine conservation and climate protection.

Meanwhile, international efforts are intensifying to ratify the High Seas Treaty, which aims to protect 30% of global oceans by 2030. French President Emmanuel Macron, co-hosting the summit with Costa Rica, announced that 15 more countries had ratified the treaty, bringing the total to 47—still short of the 60 needed for it to come into force. Macron also called for a moratorium on deep sea mining, condemning recent efforts by the U.S. to issue permits as “madness” that endangers biodiversity and violates international norms.

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Russian gas giant Gazprom makes £39m profit in North Sea

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Russian energy giant Gazprom reportedly earned €45 million from its North Sea Sillimanite gas field in the past year, as revealed in financial accounts. The Sillimanite field, situated in UK and Dutch waters, has been operational since 2020 and is a joint venture between Gazprom and German firm Wintershall. While the arrangement is not deemed illegal, criticism has arisen, particularly from UK Liberal Democrat leader Sir Ed Davey, who deems it “totally unacceptable” that gas from UK territory supports “Putin’s illegal war against Ukraine.” The UK government has pledged to escalate economic pressure on Russia, aligning with international sanctions aimed at restricting Russia’s funding for the conflict in Ukraine.

Gazprom International UK, a Gazprom subsidiary, reported a pre-tax profit of €45 million in 2022, with dividends paid to its immediate owner in the Netherlands. Although Gazprom executives, including CEO Alexei Miller, face UK sanctions, Gazprom itself is not directly sanctioned. The company continues to supply reduced gas volumes to continental Europe. Concerns have been raised about Gazprom’s financial activities, given its association with the Russian state, which is accused of financing militias engaged in the Ukraine conflict.

The UK government’s response to Gazprom’s financial activities in the North Sea has been met with criticism. Global Witness, a campaign group, described it as “an indictment of the UK’s approach to Russian oil and gas.” Despite the UK’s condemnation of the war, Gazprom’s subsidiary continues to operate in the North Sea, enriching Putin’s regime. The government spokesperson reiterated the commitment to denying Russia access to goods or technologies aiding its war efforts, vowing to intensify economic pressure until peace is secured in Ukraine.

Gazprom International UK’s financial disclosures reveal a total tax bill of €29 million, distributed between the UK and Dutch governments. This includes windfall taxes imposed in response to the surge in energy prices following the conflict in Ukraine. The company ceased its gas sale agreement with Wintershall, replacing it with a deal with the Swiss-based trading company Gunvor.

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