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French far-right leader Marine Le Pen is awaiting a crucial court ruling on July 7 that will determine whether she can contest the 2027 presidential election. The appeal challenges a five-year ban from holding public office and a four-year prison sentence imposed in 2025 over the embezzlement of European Parliament funds. The verdict could either clear the way for Le Pen’s fourth presidential bid or force the National Rally (RN) to choose a new candidate.

If Le Pen remains barred, party president Jordan Bardella is widely expected to become the RN’s presidential nominee. Although party leaders insist the transition would be united, many members acknowledge that replacing Le Pen would mark the end of an era for the politician who transformed the National Rally into France’s largest parliamentary party. Bardella’s leadership has also sparked internal debate over the party’s future direction, particularly on economic policy.

Opinion polls suggest both Le Pen and Bardella would comfortably advance to the second round of the 2027 election, with recent surveys showing Bardella attracting even stronger first-round support than Le Pen. However, political analysts note that his relative lack of experience compared with Le Pen could become a key issue if he leads the far-right campaign, making the upcoming court ruling one of the most significant moments in French politics ahead of the presidential race.

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The European Union has announced an additional €18 million in economic assistance for Armenia and eased export rules for Armenian goods as part of efforts to strengthen ties with the South Caucasus nation. The support comes as Armenia faces increasing trade restrictions from Russia, which have affected key exports including fresh produce, flowers, fish, and alcoholic beverages. The latest funding forms part of a broader €52 million assistance package unveiled earlier this year.

During a visit to Yerevan, European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen assured Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan that the EU would stand by Armenia despite external economic pressure. She said the bloc would remove tariffs on nearly 80% of Armenian exports, giving businesses easier access to the European Union’s market of around 450 million consumers. Von der Leyen emphasised that the EU would continue supporting partners facing economic challenges.

The announcement reflects Armenia’s growing efforts to strengthen relations with the European Union while maintaining its position in the Russian-led economic union. Russia remains Armenia’s largest trading partner, accounting for about 35% of its foreign trade, while the EU represents around 11%. The EU also reaffirmed its commitment to promoting peace and regional connectivity in the South Caucasus through investments in transport, energy, and digital infrastructure.

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Greece’s governing New Democracy party has called on its supporters to stage protests after a firebomb attack in the northern city of Thessaloniki claimed the life of the 72-year-old mother of parliamentary candidate Afroditi Nestora. The victim died from severe burns sustained during coordinated attacks on three homes linked to members of the ruling party. Nestora was also injured in the incident, while three others were wounded.

The attacks took place before dawn when assailants placed flaming gas canisters outside the targeted homes, triggering explosions and fires. Authorities said no group has claimed responsibility so far, but the country’s anti-terrorism unit has taken over the investigation. Police believe the attacks were coordinated and are reviewing surveillance footage to identify those involved.

Government officials condemned the incident as an act of terrorism and vowed that political violence would not intimidate the country. The New Democracy party and its youth wing have called for a public rally to honour the victim and demonstrate unity against terrorism. The attack marks the first fatal assault targeting Greek politicians in more than a decade, reviving concerns over political violence in the country.

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Global mergers and acquisitions (M&A) reached a record $2.8 trillion in announced deals during the first half of 2026, marking a 48% increase compared to the same period last year, according to LSEG data. The surge was largely driven by 47 mega-deals valued at over $10 billion each, which together accounted for more than $1.3 trillion in transactions. Despite the record value, the total number of deals fell 9% to around 24,000, the lowest level in six years.

Investment bankers say companies are taking advantage of improved regulatory conditions, strong financing availability, and growing investor preference for larger, more focused businesses. High-profile transactions, including NextEra Energy’s acquisition of Dominion Energy and SpaceX’s purchase of Cursor, reflected the increasing appetite for transformational deals. Analysts believe many companies are now pursuing long-planned acquisitions to strengthen their competitive position and drive future growth.

Technology remained the most active sector, recording $649 billion in announced deals, with artificial intelligence and infrastructure-related industries attracting strong interest. Cross-border M&A activity also rose 62% year-on-year to $893 billion, led by transactions involving the United States and the United Kingdom. Experts expect dealmaking momentum to continue through the rest of 2026 as companies seek expansion, strategic partnerships, and business restructuring opportunities.

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A breakaway Catholic group, the Society of St. Pius X (SSPX), ordained four new bishops in Écône, Switzerland, on Wednesday despite a direct appeal from Pope Leo XIV to halt the ceremony. Thousands of supporters gathered to witness the ordination, which the Vatican had warned would be considered a schismatic act. In a letter sent earlier this week, the Pope urged the group’s leadership to reconsider, describing the move as a serious breach of Church unity.

According to Catholic Church law, only the Pope can authorize the consecration of bishops to preserve apostolic succession. The Vatican stated that the unauthorized ordinations automatically result in excommunication for both the newly ordained bishops and the bishop who performed the ceremony. The event was also streamed live on social media.

The Society of St. Pius X, known for its opposition to the reforms introduced by the Second Vatican Council in the 1960s, has had a strained relationship with the Vatican for decades. Its founder, Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre, was excommunicated in 1988 after carrying out similar unauthorized ordinations. Although some penalties were later lifted during Pope Benedict XVI’s papacy, the group’s current leadership proceeded with the new ordinations, saying additional bishops were needed to oversee its growing global community.

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U.S. Federal Reserve Chair Kevin Warsh made his first major international appearance at the European Central Bank’s annual forum in Sintra, Portugal, joining ECB President Christine Lagarde, Bank of England Governor Andrew Bailey and Bank of Canada Governor Tiff Macklem. The discussion focused on the shared challenge of bringing inflation under control, while also highlighting differing views among central banks on issues such as climate change and central bank independence.

Warsh, who assumed office in late May, has adopted a hawkish stance on inflation, keeping U.S. interest rates unchanged during his first policy meeting while reaffirming the Federal Reserve’s commitment to its 2% inflation target. His comments raised expectations that the Fed could consider another rate hike later this year. Unlike previous Fed leaders, Warsh has also reduced the use of forward guidance, arguing that markets should rely less on central bank signals and more on economic data.

The event also drew attention to broader policy differences between the Federal Reserve and its global counterparts. While European and Canadian central bankers continue to consider climate change as an important financial risk, Warsh has argued that the Fed should avoid expanding beyond its core mandate. The panel also came amid renewed debate over the Federal Reserve’s independence following recent legal developments involving Fed Governor Lisa Cook, although Warsh has largely avoided commenting publicly on the issue.

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Chinese electric vehicle giant BYD is close to finalising plans for a second manufacturing facility in Europe as it accelerates its regional expansion. Speaking at the Reuters Automotive Europe conference in Frankfurt, BYD’s special adviser for Europe, Alfredo Altavilla, said a decision is expected soon, with Spain and France emerging as the leading candidates. The company is reportedly exploring the acquisition of an existing automobile factory rather than building a new facility from scratch.

The proposed investment would become BYD’s second European production site after its Hungary plant, where manufacturing is scheduled to begin later this year. The move comes as the European Union promotes greater local manufacturing through “Made in Europe” initiatives, while traditional automakers continue to grapple with overcapacity, rising costs, and increased competition from Chinese electric vehicle manufacturers.

BYD’s expansion follows strong sales growth in Europe, where deliveries surged 270% last year and more than doubled during the first five months of 2026. Altavilla argued that European automakers should focus on improving competitiveness instead of trying to resist Chinese rivals, describing the industry’s restructuring efforts as a necessary wake-up call. He also dismissed suggestions that Chinese manufacturers would be willing to share their latest technology through minority joint ventures.

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German prosecutors have arrested a German-Rwandan national accused of assisting in the 1994 Rwanda genocide by ordering the killings of Tutsis. The suspect, identified only as Innocent S under German privacy laws, was detained in the central state of Hesse. He faces charges of complicity in genocide and 25 counts of murder for allegedly directing attacks while serving as an assistant to the mayor of Kayove in northwestern Rwanda.

According to prosecutors, the suspect is accused of ordering the deaths of 25 Tutsi victims across five separate incidents. In one case, he allegedly took part directly in the killing by stabbing a victim in the chest. Investigators also claim he used his official position to incite violence against the Tutsi population and helped prepare death lists during the genocide.

Germany has pursued several Rwanda genocide suspects under the principle of universal jurisdiction, which allows courts to prosecute serious international crimes regardless of where they were committed. The 1994 Rwanda genocide, carried out by Hutu extremists over approximately 100 days, claimed the lives of more than 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus, making it one of the deadliest atrocities of the 20th century.

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Spain’s citizenship law granting nationality to descendants of Spaniards exiled during the Civil War and the Franco dictatorship has become the center of a political dispute ahead of the country’s next general election. Since the law was expanded in 2022, more than 544,000 people have obtained Spanish citizenship, with over 306,000 registering to vote, while hundreds of thousands of applications are still awaiting approval.

Opposition parties, including the conservative People’s Party (PP) and far-right Vox, have accused Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez’s government of using the citizenship process to influence future election results. They allege, without providing evidence, that the government is strategically processing applications and voter registrations. The government has firmly denied the claims, calling them irresponsible and stating it has no control over where new citizens choose to register to vote.

The legislation extends earlier reparations measures by allowing more descendants of Spanish exiles, as well as people affected by historical discrimination, to claim citizenship. Similar ancestry-based citizenship laws exist in several European countries. While overseas voting has traditionally been low, the growing number of new citizens has intensified debate over the potential political impact of Spain’s expanding diaspora electorate.

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European industrial companies have warned that proposed changes to the European Union’s Emissions Trading System (ETS) could weaken incentives for businesses that have invested heavily in low-carbon technologies. Firms including SSAB, Heidelberg Materials, and Rockwool argue that easing carbon pricing or expanding free emissions permits would unfairly benefit higher-polluting competitors and reduce the value of early investments in cleaner production.

The European Commission is expected to present its revised ETS proposal on July 15 as part of efforts to align climate policies with the EU’s 2040 emissions targets. However, several political leaders have pushed for a softer approach, citing rising energy costs and concerns over industrial competitiveness. Companies such as BASF, ArcelorMittal, and thyssenkrupp have urged policymakers to address mounting carbon costs while maintaining a balanced approach.

Industry leaders and investors caution that weakening the ETS could undermine confidence in Europe’s climate strategy and discourage future investment in green technologies. They argue that long-term policy stability is essential for financing low-carbon innovation, warning that changes to the carbon market will not solve broader challenges such as high energy prices, infrastructure shortages, and global competition.

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