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German Chancellor Friedrich Merz has embarked on his first official visit to China, leading a delegation of senior German business leaders, including heads of Volkswagen, BMW, and Mercedes-Benz. The trip aims to strengthen economic ties as Germany faces growing trade deficits and competitive pressures from China’s booming electric vehicle industry. Merz’s visit comes amid concerns over supply chain vulnerabilities and global economic rivalry.

China, Germany’s largest trading partner in 2025, has reversed years of trade surpluses, leaving Germany with a deficit of nearly €90 billion. German officials warn that export controls, overcapacity, and rising competition from Chinese firms have created a challenging environment for German manufacturers, prompting calls for Merz to negotiate better terms for industry.

During his visit, Merz is scheduled to meet President Xi Jinping and Prime Minister Li Qiang, signing economic agreements and visiting major facilities, including a Mercedes-Benz EV plant and Siemens Energy site. The trip reflects Germany’s strategic effort to balance trade relations with China while addressing EU measures protecting local industries from underpriced imports.

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Europe’s auto industry is facing renewed supply chain concerns after Dutch semiconductor manufacturer Nexperia suspended wafer shipments from China. The move follows a dispute with management at its Dongguan facility and comes weeks after the Dutch government seized temporary control of the company over national security issues.

Nexperia, whose chips are essential for power systems, sensors, and electronics in vehicles made by Volkswagen, BMW, and Stellantis, informed customers that deliveries were halted from 26 October. Officials in The Hague fear that production capabilities could shift out of Europe amid rising trade tensions with China, which has added its own export restrictions, further complicating component flows.

The European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association has warned that shortages of basic control chips are escalating daily and could soon disrupt assembly lines. Governments and industry groups are now pushing for urgent diplomatic talks to restore supply routes and protect European automotive output through the remainder of the year.

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